Raw
Are Nutrition Facts on Raw Meat For When Its Cooked Or After?
Will the nutritional content in raw meat remain the same after it is cooked by boiling, broiling, grilling, frying, or sautéing?
Animal proteins like chicken, turkey and beef typically lose about 25% of their original weight after cooking.
The nutritional content of raw meat can vary depending on the type of meat, its source, and other factors such as the animal’s diet and living conditions. When meat is cooked, its nutritional content can also be affected by the cooking method and temperature. Here is some information on the nutrition of raw meat and how it can change when cooked:
- Protein: Raw meat is an excellent source of protein, which is important for building and repairing tissues in the body. The protein content of meat does not change significantly when cooked, although the digestibility of the protein may be affected.
- Fat: Raw meat can contain varying amounts of fat, depending on the cut and type of animal. Cooking meat can cause some of the fat to melt and be lost, resulting in a lower fat content. However, some cooking methods, such as frying or roasting, can add fat to the meat if oil or butter is used.
- Vitamins and Minerals: Raw meat is a good source of several vitamins and minerals, including iron, zinc, and vitamin B12. These nutrients are generally not significantly affected by cooking, although some vitamins, such as vitamin C, can be lost during cooking at high temperatures.
It is important to note that undercooked or raw meat can carry a higher risk of bacterial contamination, such as Salmonella or E. coli. These bacteria can cause foodborne illness, so it is important to cook meat to a safe internal temperature to kill any harmful bacteria. Additionally, consuming too much red meat has been associated with an increased risk of certain health problems, such as heart disease and some types of cancer. As such, it is recommended to consume red meat in moderation as part of a balanced diet.
Nutrient Raw Meat (100 g) Cooked Meat (100 g) Protein 20 g 26 g Fat Varies Varies Iron 2.2 mg 2.7 mg Zinc 4.4 mg 4.0 mg Vitamin B12 2.5 mcg 2.4 mcg Sodium 70 mg 65 mg Calories Varies Varies
Please note that the nutritional content of meat can vary depending on the specific type of meat, its cut, and its source. The fat content of meat can also vary depending on the animal’s diet and living conditions, as well as the cooking method used. It is important to cook meat to a safe internal temperature to prevent foodborne illness. Additionally, consuming too much red meat has been associated with an increased risk of certain health problems, so it is recommended to consume red meat in moderation as part of a balanced diet.
Protein
Raw food advocates often claim that cooking meat destroys the enzymes necessary for digestion, and that denatured proteins occur in cooked meats. However, studies on this topic have demonstrated no significant difference in protein quality between raw and cooked meats.
Another argument from the raw-food camp is that meat with more connective tissues (such as minced meat) will have lower nutritional value than similar amounts of raw meat with fewer connective tissues. They contend this is because connective tissues absorb water and nutrients more readily, making the protein less useful as a food source.
Raw meats tend to be much higher in nutritional value than cooked ones, and they contain enzymes which make them easier to digest. Plus, raw meats offer essential vitamins like Vitamin B-12 and iron as well as Omega 3 polyunsaturated fat, selenium, zinc and magnesium – essential minerals that many Americans don’t get enough of.
Nutrient loss can occur with either raw or cooked meats; minerals and fat-soluble vitamins remain stable while water-soluble vitamins such as Vitamin C and B may become damaged during preparation. But if you take reasonable precautions with what type of meat you consume and follow certain guidelines, both raw and cooked meats are safe to eat and provide essential nutrition.
One final thing to keep in mind when cooking meat is that it will typically lose 25 percent of its original weight when cooked. This occurs due to the release of juices which cause it to shrink; so for example, 16 ounces raw chicken breast will only yield 12 ounces when cooked.
For converting nutrition facts on raw and cooked meats, weigh them before cooking and divide that number by the number of portions serving. From there, you can calculate calorie and macronutrient values for your cooked meals using those numbers.
To guarantee you get enough protein in your diet, opt for fresh organic meats and poultry from grass-fed animals. Grass-fed animals typically contain more antioxidants, Omega 3 fatty acids, glucosamine and other minerals than grain-fed livestock do; they’re also more likely to be free of antibiotics or other drugs.
Carbohydrates
If you use MyFitnessPal to track your nutrition, some of your meats may appear “cooked.” But are those the correct serving sizes? Generally speaking, cooking meat results in loss of weight during preparation.
Even though the cooked portion of your meat may be smaller than its raw counterpart, it still contains all the same proteins, fat and calories. Furthermore, cooking kills bacteria, parasites and viruses that could potentially pose a danger if not cooked correctly.
Additionally, you can reduce dietary carb intake by eating foods naturally low in carbs. Dairy products like milk and cheese tend to be relatively carb-free while most non-starchy veggies also provide minimal amounts of carbohydrates.
When selecting meat for consumption, the nutritional value depends on its breed and how it was raised. When possible, opt for organic, grass-fed and pastured cuts of meat to maximize nutritional value.
It’s wise to read the label on your food before purchasing it, in order to ensure it does not contain any additives such as preservatives or sugars. These can make food more costly and less healthy, so finding out what’s in what you’re purchasing is worth doing.
When considering which food to purchase, one important factor to consider is the percentage of calories. Cooked items often have lower calorie counts than their raw counterparts due to being cooked and made easier for digestion.
There’s a wealth of knowledge available online about cooking meat. One key element to keep in mind when doing so is that heat denatures proteins, making them easier to absorb and utilize.
However, the evidence does not back this up. Indeed, there are various theories as to how cooking actually causes weight loss.
Some raw-food advocates argue that cooking destroys natural enzymes necessary for digestion, thus allowing your body to absorb essential nutrients better.
Though how this could be true is unclear, the suggestion does seem to hold some merit. It would be like saying milk is harder to digest because of its lactose content when in fact that’s not the case; the same holds for some fruits and vegetables too.
Fat
Raw meat contains varying levels of fat depending on the animal, but generally speaking is higher in protein and lower in carbohydrates. Furthermore, it provides significant amounts of vitamins A, D and B-12 as well as minerals like zinc, selenium, iron and magnesium.
Fat tissue of different mammals contains both saturated and unsaturated fats. Saturated fat is predominantly found in beef and pork, while unsaturated fats tend to be more prevalent in chicken and fish.
Meat is packed with essential fatty acids (Omega-3 and Omega-6), which are necessary for the body’s proper functioning. These lipids help control inflammation, blood clotting, and brain development.
Grass-fed, pasture-raised raw beef from a cow raised on a small farm is the healthiest source of meat. It’s packed with vitamins A, D and B-12 as well as the antioxidants iron, selenium, zinc and magnesium for added antioxidant power.
Additionally, it provides essential vitamin K for proper bone and heart health. Furthermore, linoleic acid – known to fight cancer – and the enzymes necessary for digestion provide additional benefits.
Meat that has been cooked typically loses a substantial amount of water weight, making it easier to digest but also adding calories.
If you are trying to shed pounds, cooking meat can make the process more challenging. Cooking denatures proteins, making them harder for the body to break down.
Eating lean, low-fat meat is especially important if you are trying to shed pounds.
It’s important to keep in mind when comparing raw and cooked meat that, on average, animal protein loses 25% of its mass during preparation. This means a 4 oz serving of raw meat will contain less fat than an equivalent 4 oz serving of cooked meat – even if both have identical calories.
For other foods like vegetables and potatoes, the same rule of thumb should be used when converting between uncooked and cooked weights.
Vitamins
Meat is an excellent source of minerals such as iron, selenium, zinc, copper, calcium and magnesium. Furthermore, it contains essential vitamins for good health and metabolism.
Vitamins are essential organic substances your body requires in small doses. They regulate metabolism and provide energy to cells, but can only be obtained through food sources; thus, you must get them through food or supplement with supplements from food. Vitamin D3 especially needs to be provided through food as it cannot be produced naturally by the body so must be obtained through nutrition.
Some vitamins are water soluble and easily absorbed in your system, while others are fat soluble and cannot be absorbed. They’re essential during the early stages of life for proper growth and development.
B complex is one of the most essential vitamins that can be absorbed in your system, consisting of thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin (vitamin B3), biotin and pyridoxine (vitamin B6) as well as folic acid and pantothenic acid.
Meat provides a good source of these essential nutrients, especially red meat. It has around 25% of the recommended dietary intakes for B vitamins with higher concentrations in liver.
Niacin, found in blackberries, is an essential B-complex vitamin that may reduce your risk of heart disease and cancer. As part of the B group of vitamins, it also acts as an antioxidant which may help protect against certain cancers.
Another vitamin that may be found in some meat is folic acid. This member of the B-complex group helps prevent birth defects and other fetal complications. While it’s generally limited to small amounts in certain types of meat, folic acid can also be obtained through other sources.
Eating a balanced diet that incorporates different foods is the best way to ensure that your body gets all of its essential vitamins and minerals. This way, you can ensure you’re getting everything it needs!
Hi, I’m Alexander. I’m a vegan of over 20 years, and I initially made the switch for health reasons. However, as time went on, I became more and more passionate about the ethical and environmental implications of leading a vegan lifestyle.
I am the author of The Graceful Kitchen, a vegan blog where I share recipes for delicious and nutritious vegan meals. As someone who is deeply committed to living a cruelty-free life, I am also a strong advocate for using whole foods as the foundation of a healthy diet – and believe that going vegan is one of the best ways to achieve this.
Raw
How to Find Nutrition Value of Raw Meat I Purchase in Market
1. Look at the label
Labels on meats and poultry typically display the nutritional information based on the raw weight, unless specified otherwise. When meat is cooked, it usually loses about 25% of its weight, meaning a 4 oz label corresponds to roughly 3 oz after cooking. To accurately calculate the protein, fat, and calorie content per serving, divide this adjusted cooked weight by the number of portions you plan to eat. This simple approach encourages healthier eating habits!
2. Check the website
Nutritionally speaking, raw meat does not come with a set nutritional value. To determine its true nutritional worth, read the ingredients and nutrition labels carefully – something you should do for any food item, but especially meat. As there is often misinformation out there, do your due diligence before purchasing anything; for instance, check the website of the vendor to ensure they use traceable and ethically sourced ingredients or ask directly if they have any nutritional facts available.
3. Ask the seller
When shopping for a nutritious serving of meat, there are a few things to consider. First and foremost, select your cut carefully from sustainable sources like pastured or grass fed animals. If unsure where to begin with your shopping list, ask your favorite butcher for their recommendations based on individual dietary needs and lifestyle. Additionally, pay close attention to the quality of the meat such as its moisture content, texture and smell before purchasing.
4. Check the packaging
When purchasing raw meat, inspecting its packaging for firmness and no tears or holes is essential. It should feel cold to touch and have no odor. A red liquid at the bottom may seem unappetizing but this is actually myoglobin – a protein responsible for giving meat its color. This also keeps food fresh by creating an environment free from bacteria-filled environments.
You may notice absorbent pads underneath many packaged meat products; these protect meat from getting contaminated by liquids trapped inside their packaging; therefore, checking with recycling facilities before discarding these pads is recommended.
Aurelia is the Editor-in-Chief of The Graceful Kitchen, a vegan lifestyle blog that focuses on delicious, nutritious, and ethical eating. A lifelong vegan, Aurelia is passionate about sharing her love of plant-based cuisine with others. She is a regular contributor to several online and print publications, and has been interviewed by major news outlets about the benefits of a vegan diet. In her free time, Aurelia enjoys cooking, hiking, and spending time with her cats.
Raw
How to Make a Raw Nutrition Bar at Home
Raw energy bars are a great choice for a healthy and delicious snack on the go. Here is a simple recipe for making your own at home:
Ingredients:
- 1 cup almonds
- 1 cup dates, pitted
- 1/2 cup unsweetened shredded coconut
- 1/4 cup chia seeds
- 2 tablespoons raw honey
- 1 tablespoon coconut oil
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
- Pinch of sea salt
Instructions:
- Place the almonds in a food processor and pulse until they are roughly chopped.
- Add the pitted dates, shredded coconut, chia seeds, honey, coconut oil, vanilla extract, and sea salt to the food processor.
- Pulse the mixture until it starts to come together and form a sticky dough.
- Line an 8×8 inch baking dish with parchment paper.
- Transfer the mixture to the baking dish and press it down firmly with your hands.
- Chill the mixture in the refrigerator for at least 30 minutes to set.
- Once the mixture has set, remove it from the baking dish and cut it into bars.
- Store the raw nutrition bars in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to 2 weeks.
You can also customize this recipe by adding in other ingredients such as dried fruits, nuts, or protein powder to create a variety of different flavors. These bars are perfect for a quick breakfast, snack or post-workout fuel. Enjoy!
If you’re an athlete or simply want to maximize the nutritional value of your food, a raw nutrition bar is an ideal option. These bars are nutrient-rich and packed with fibre, protein, and healthy fats for increased energy levels and sustained energy throughout the day.
These no-bake energy bars are simple to make and customizable to your personal taste. Simply add fruit, oats, nuts/seeds or other mix-ins for the perfect bar!
Ingredients
Raw nutrition bars are an ideal way to get your daily nutrients without adding extra calories. They’re especially ideal for athletes who require a quick snack between meals.
The great news is that you can easily make these delicious treats yourself at home. All you need are some basic ingredients and some time to mix them up.
One of the key ingredients you will need for a homemade raw nutrition bar is dates. Dates provide healthy sugar and antioxidants while being an excellent source of fiber that may help lower cholesterol levels.
Coconut oil is another important ingredient, providing healthy fats. Not only that, but it may help prevent heart disease and stroke as well.
Other ingredients you can include in your raw nutrition bars are oats, peanut butter, cocoa powder, protein powder and natural honey or maple syrup. Doing so will guarantee you get all the important vitamins, minerals and fibers from your food intake.
Add your favourite adaptogenic powders, like ashwagandha or ginseng, to boost the nutritional value of these bars. Furthermore, adding ground flax seed will increase their fiber content significantly.
Once all ingredients are prepped, simply blend them together until you achieve a dough-like texture. Press this mixture into a pan and chill until firm.
These bars are simple to make and a nutritious addition to any healthy diet. They can be eaten as breakfast, midmorning snack or meal replacement – perfect for athletes who need something quick between workouts.
Warrior RAW Protein Bar is an irresistibly tasty and nutritious protein bar that provides all essential amino acids. It’s suitable for vegans and gluten intolerant individuals alike, providing a convenient source of energy that can be taken as pre-workout, emergency energy booster, or travel food.
Preparation
Making a bar that lives up to its promise as an indulgent snack requires selecting the correct ingredients. Key components that go into bar formulation include protein source, sweetener, fiber source, fats/oils/emulsifiers/vitamins/minerals/nutraceuticals and flavors.
Finding the ideal ingredient for a bar is no small feat. You may have to experiment with different amounts and types of components until you find your ideal balance. The ideal nutritional bars will have an optimal combination of quality proteins, healthy fats, nutritious carbohydrates and minimal amounts of sugar.
One popular type of nutrition bar is the whole food bar. These typically feature various fruits, nuts, seeds and other plant-based ingredients compressed into a bar form. One major advantage of these bars is that they tend to be lower in calories and fat than their processed counterparts – particularly helpful for those trying to shed some pounds!
If you’re looking to make your own raw energy bar at home, there are plenty of recipes online. The key is to first decide what flavor profile and then search the internet for inspiration.
There are plenty of options when it comes to creating your own bar with just a few key components. Some suggestions include pulse the ingredients in either a blender or food processor before mixing them together for an even smoother mix.
Before scooping or shaping the mixture into bars or small balls, let it rest for a few minutes. This allows the ingredients to air dry slightly and makes them easier to stick together. Once dry, you’re ready!
Mixing
Raw nutrition bars should contain key components like protein, healthy fats and low-glycemic carbohydrates. They’re also packed with essential vitamins, minerals, enzymes and phytonutrients – perfect for anyone on a Paleo, Primal, GAPS or SCD diet as well as those on low carb, raw or vegan diets; athletes; people with health challenges – you name it!
These bars are an affordable way to create homemade raw nutrition bars without breaking the bank. You can customize them with flavors you love and use a range of sweeteners such as fruits, honey and maple syrup. For even greater nutritional benefits, use multiple protein powders or combine them all for extra nutritional punch!
The initial step in making raw energy bars is to pulse together all dry ingredients. Then, add wet ingredients and pulse until a dough forms. Slowly add more water until your mixture forms an even ball that can easily be formed into bars. If your dough seems too crumbly for rolling into bars, add a small amount of coconut oil for more firmness or add ground flax seed or your favorite adaptogenic potion for additional nutritional benefit.
Storage
If you’re searching for a low-calorie, nutritious snack to munch on, raw nutrition bars are your perfect choice. You can even make extra to store in the freezer for later use – just remember to refrigerate them promptly after opening to prevent flavors from fading and keep them from becoming dry and stale. To ensure these bars stay in top condition over time, use quality food storage containers with lids to avoid mold growth. Best of all? They’re easy to transport in lunch bags or purses without sacrificing flavor or texture!
Hi, I’m Alexander. I’m a vegan of over 20 years, and I initially made the switch for health reasons. However, as time went on, I became more and more passionate about the ethical and environmental implications of leading a vegan lifestyle.
I am the author of The Graceful Kitchen, a vegan blog where I share recipes for delicious and nutritious vegan meals. As someone who is deeply committed to living a cruelty-free life, I am also a strong advocate for using whole foods as the foundation of a healthy diet – and believe that going vegan is one of the best ways to achieve this.
Raw
How is Biotin Bioavailability Affected by Raw Egg Consumption?
Biotin, a water-soluble B vitamin, is essential for synthesizing glucose and fatty acids. It is especially important for women during pregnancy.
Some people worry that eating raw eggs in large amounts daily could lead to biotin deficiency. However, this is unlikely the case since raw eggs do not contain the protein avidin which could prevent absorption of biotin.
Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in energy metabolism and maintaining healthy hair, skin, and nails. Raw egg consumption has been found to interfere with biotin bioavailability due to the presence of avidin, a protein found in raw egg whites.
Avidin has a high affinity for biotin, which means that it can bind to biotin and prevent its absorption in the small intestine. When raw eggs are consumed, the avidin in the egg white can bind to biotin in the diet and prevent its absorption. This can lead to a deficiency of biotin over time.
However, cooking the egg denatures the avidin protein, rendering it unable to bind to biotin. This means that the bioavailability of biotin is not affected when eggs are cooked, and the body is able to absorb and utilize biotin from cooked eggs. Therefore, it is generally recommended to consume eggs that are fully cooked to ensure adequate biotin intake and prevent the risk of biotin deficiency.
It is important to note that biotin deficiency is rare in healthy individuals who consume a balanced diet. However, individuals who consume large amounts of raw egg whites or those who have a genetic disorder that affects biotin metabolism may be at risk for biotin deficiency. If you have concerns about your biotin intake, it is recommended to speak with a healthcare provider or a registered dietitian.
Biotin Is a Water-Soluble Vitamin
Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin essential for the body’s metabolism. It aids the body in using carbohydrates, fatty acids and amino acids as energy sources; additionally, it aids cells in synthesizing proteins.
Brewer’s yeast, cooked eggs, sardines, nuts (almonds, peanuts, pecans), and nut butters are all sources of naturally occurring selenium. You may also purchase it as a dietary supplement.
Biotin, which the body cannot synthesize on its own, must be obtained through food sources. It is essential in supporting proper immune function and brain development – particularly important for pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers.
Most people consume enough biotin, but some may be at risk for deficiency. These include those diagnosed with genetic disorders that prevent the body from producing the enzyme responsible for breaking down biotin, those who drink excessively or take certain medications which inhibit its absorption.
Raw egg consumption may lead to biotin deficiency due to a protein called avidin, which blocks its absorption by the body. However, once cooked, avidin is denatured and biotin can be readily absorbed by the body.
Biotin is typically ingested as food proteins that are broken down by digestive proteases and released to the small intestine where it absorbs into enterocytes. A high-affinity sodium/multivitamin cotransporter in these enterocytes transports biotin from the food protein into cell membrane, where it then travels into circulation before excreted unchanged through urine.
Studies have suggested that taking large doses of biotin may aid those living with diabetes in controlling their blood glucose levels. This is likely because biotin helps produce insulin, which regulates glucose concentrations.
Biotin may benefit hair, skin and nail health in several ways. Studies have demonstrated that it can increase the strength and growth of nails for women with brittle nails; further research indicates it could even aid those suffering from taste loss.
Biotin Deficiency Is Rare
Biotin, also known as vitamin B7, is a water-soluble B vitamin essential for producing glucose and fatty acids in your body. You can find it in foods like eggs, meat, fish, and vegetables.
Biotin deficiency is rare, but some individuals with certain genetic conditions that prevent the body from properly using it can become low in this vitamin. These include holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency (also called multiple carboxylase deficiency), biotinidase deficiency, and the inability to transport biotin into cells.
Patients with these disorders should receive lifelong biotin supplementation to maintain healthy levels of this essential vitamin. Untreated, the condition can lead to serious symptoms such as hearing loss, blurred vision, and learning difficulties if not caught and treated early.
Even if you do have one of these conditions, eating raw eggs should not cause a biotin deficiency. This is because avidin, the protein in egg whites, binds to biotin so that it cannot be absorbed in the small intestine.
Due to the destruction of this protein by heat, eating large quantities of raw eggs without becoming deficient in this essential nutrient is possible. To increase your intake of this B vitamin, however, it’s best to either avoid raw eggs or consume them in small and frequent doses.
It is also worth noting that certain medications can lower your biotin level, so be sure to monitor your health and consult your doctor for a treatment that works for you. Anticonvulsant therapy, for instance, may reduce biotin levels if taken for an extended period of time.
However, including biotin in your diet is generally beneficial if you are pregnant or trying to become pregnant. This is because pregnant women require more biotin for proper growth and development of their unborn child.
Biotin deficiency is a serious condition that can cause permanent damage such as hearing loss, vision problems and learning disabilities. If your family history of this condition runs in your family, ask your doctor about screening to protect you.
Biotin Deficiency Is More Common in Women
Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin that plays an essential role in helping your body convert carbohydrates and fat into glucose. Additionally, it aids the metabolism of amino acids and proteins to build new cells and tissues.
Vitamin B1 deficiency can lead to various symptoms, such as thinning hair, red scaly rash around the mouth and eyes (known as “biotin deficiency rash”), brittle nails, and seizures.
Biotin deficiency usually begins during the first weeks and months of life and can have serious consequences if left untreated. These individuals are at an increased risk for developing life-altering conditions like seizure disorder, lung disease, brain damage, and cancer.
Biotin deficiency can be caused by either an inherited disorder called biotinidase deficiency or certain medications that reduce its levels in your body. In some cases, low levels of biotin may also be due to another health issue or condition like thyroid disorder, vitamin B12 deficiency, or iron deficiency.
Biotinidase deficiency occurs when a gene mutation prevents the activity of an enzyme responsible for biotin absorption, called holocarboxylase synthetase.
Holocarboxylase synthase, an essential enzyme for biotin absorption from food sources, must be present to function. Without it, your body cannot use biotin properly and you may experience constipation.
It is easy to get enough biotin by eating foods that naturally contain it or taking a vitamin supplement with biotin. There are various kinds of vitamins available, including those that only contain biotin as well as those that include other essential vitamins.
Some studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of certain supplements on nail, hair and skin health. However, further investigation is necessary to definitively prove whether they truly work.
Women are more vulnerable to developing biotin deficiency than men due to their increased need for this vitamin during pregnancy. Biotin helps produce carboxylases and histones, both essential building blocks of embryonic development.
Biotin Deficiency Is More Common in Smokers
Biotin is one of the B complex vitamins, meaning it converts fats and carbohydrates into energy to power your body’s functions. Additionally, it keeps blood glucose and cholesterol levels normal as well. Finally, Biotin plays an essential role in skin health as well as producing keratin – the protein responsible for giving nails and hair their strength – which gives your nails and hair their strength.
Biotin deficiency is a rare but serious condition that can occur if your body doesn’t get enough of this vitamin or fails to absorb and use it correctly. Common symptoms include brittle, thinning hair and split nails; weakness or loss of muscle/joint function; fatigue; numbness/tingling in hands/feet; dry skin with itchy flaky patches, slow heart rate fluctuations and low body temperature.
People who don’t get enough dietary biotin or can’t absorb it properly due to conditions in their gut are at risk for deficiency. These include heavy alcohol consumption, inflammatory bowel disease and chronic diarrhea, pregnancy, kidney dialysis and taking certain prescription drugs that interfere with biotin metabolism.
Researchers observed that smokers excreted 30% less biotin than nonsmoking controls (P 0.02). The ratio of urinary bisnorbiotin and biotin sulfoxide to biotin increased in smokers, suggesting an accelerated metabolism of this nutrient. Furthermore, smokers excreted 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid, a biotin metabolite indicating marginal tissue deficiency.
Smoking increases the rate of catabolism for several nutrients, such as lipids, antioxidants and B vitamins. Particularly, biotin metabolism is affected since even marginal deficiency can be teratogenic in mammals. Studies conducted on fetuses born to mothers who smoked during pregnancy have demonstrated an increased likelihood of abnormal brain, spinal cord or limb development in these babies.
Ilana has been a vegan for over 10 years. She originally made the switch for health reasons, but soon found herself becoming more and more passionate about the ethical and environmental implications of a vegan lifestyle. Ilana is the author of The Graceful Kitchen, a blog all about veganism. She loves to cook up delicious and nutritious vegan meals, and share her recipes with others who are interested in leading a cruelty-free life. Ilana is also a strong advocate for using whole foods as the foundation of a healthy diet, and believes that going vegan is one of the best ways to achieve this.
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